进出口产品质量测度方法的比较与中国事实——基于微观产品和企业数据的实证分析
财经研究 2017 年 第 43 卷第 05 期, 页码:89 - 101
摘要
参考文献
摘要
如何科学合理地测算贸易产品质量是研究企业产品质量异质性的一个关键问题,但目前仍缺乏一个被广泛认可的方法,也没有相关研究对不同方法的结果进行比较和检验。文章基于国家层面的进口质量、企业层面的出口质量和企业层面的进口质量三个视角,将已有研究方法进行归类,并利用中国数据进行测算和检验,力求找到不同视角下最符合中国现实的测算方法。研究表明:(1)国家层面的进口质量测算使用KHW方法,而企业层面的出口质量测算则使用SHIBZ方法更加符合中国现实;(2)对于企业层面的进口质量测算,通过引入运输成本和汇率作为产品价格的工具变量对现有方法加以改进,可以克服其存在的样本选择偏差等问题;(3)对贸易产品质量测算方法在国家层面与企业层面、进口方面和出口方面进行划分,其测算结果能够合理地解释我国近年来的进出口产品质量变动趋势,且国家层面与企业层面的一般贸易进口产品质量的变动趋势一致。文章不仅为今后研究中国进出口产品质量问题提供了测算依据,而且有助于我们廓清我国进出口产品质量的现实情况及其变动趋势。
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[3] 施炳展,曾祥菲.中国企业进口产品质量测算与事实[J].世界经济,2015,(3):57—77.
[4] 苏理梅,彭冬冬,兰宜生. 贸易自由化是如何影响我国出口产品质量的?——基于贸易政策不确定性下降的视角[J]. 财经研究,2016,(4):61-70.
[5] 张杰, 郑文平, 翟福昕. 中国出口产品质量得到提升了么?[J]. 经济研究, 2014,(10):46-59.
[6] Crozet M, Head K, Mayer T. Quality sorting and trade: Firm-level evidence for french wine[J]. Review of Economic Studies, 2012,79(2):609-644.
[7] Fajgelbaum P,Grossman G M, Helpman E. Income distribution, product quality, and international trade[J]. Journal of Political Economy,2011,119(4):721-767.
[8] Fajgelbaum P D,Khandelwal A K. Measuring the unequal gains from trade[J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2016,131(3):1113—1180.
[9] Feenstra R C,Romalis J.International prices and endogenous quality[J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics,2014,129(2):477—527.
[10] Gervais A.Product quality and firm heterogeneity in international trade[J].Canadian Journal of Economics,2015,48(3):1152—1174.
[11] Hallak J C.Product quality and the direction of trade[J].Journal of International Economics,2006,68(1):238—265.
[12] Hallak J C,Schott P K.Estimating cross-country differences in product quality[J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics,2011,126(1):417—474.
[13] Kee H L,Tang H. Domestic value added in exports[J]. American Economic Review,2015,106(6):125-168.
[14] Khandelwal A.The long and short of quality ladders[J].Review of Economic Studies,2010,77(4):1450-1476.
[15] Khandelwal A K,Schott P K,Wei S.Trade liberalization and embedded institutional reform:Evidence from Chinese exporters[J].American Economic Review,2013,103(6):2169—2195.
[16] Kugler M,Verhoogen E.Prices,plant size,and product quality[J].The Review of Economic Studies,2012,79(1):307-339.
[17] Luong T A,Huang R, Li S . Ethnic diversity and quality of export: A Chinese case study[J]. Working paper,2013:1-19.
[18] Piveteau P, Smagghue G. Estimating firm product quality using trade data[J]. Mimeo,2015:1-51.
[19] Schott P K.Across-product versus within-product specialization in international trade[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,2004,119(2):647-678.
引用本文
魏浩, 林薛栋. 进出口产品质量测度方法的比较与中国事实——基于微观产品和企业数据的实证分析[J]. 财经研究, 2017, (5): 89–101.
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