参照群与群间相对剥夺:理论与实证
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财经研究 2014 年 第 40 卷第 08 期, 页码：130 - 144
摘要
参考文献
摘要
自从Runciman(1966)给出相对剥夺概念以来,对相对剥夺测度的研究便成为学术界一个重要的研究课题,但是现有研究主要集中于群内相对剥夺,对群间相对剥夺的研究却鲜有涉及。文章通过构造一个个体在另一个群中的比较群,建立了集成参照群思想的个体剥夺测度统一分析框架,得到群间个体绝对剥夺测度和相对剥夺测度,给出了绘制不同群间的相对剥夺曲线的方法,并给出加总后群间相对剥夺的性质,最后利用CGSS2008数据进行了实证分析。文章把群内相对剥夺测度拓展到群间,弥补了群间相对剥夺测度研究的不足,扩大了相对剥夺理论的应用范围,并证明了已有的相对剥夺测度只是两个群相等时的一个特例。
[1]洪兴建.一个新的基尼系数子群分解公式——兼论中国总体基尼系数的城乡分解[J].经济学季刊,2009,(1):307-324.
[2]任国强,尚金艳.基于相对剥夺理论的基尼系数子群分解方法研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2011,(8):103-114.
[3]Berrebi Z M,Silber J.Income inequality indices and deprivation:A generalization[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1985,100(3):807-810.
[4]Bossert W,D’Ambrosio C.Reference groups and individual deprivation[J].Economics Letters,2006,90(3):421-426.
[5]Bylsma W H,Major B.Social comparisons and contentment:Exploring the psychological costs of the gender wage gap[J].Psychology of Women Quarterly,1994,18(2):241-250.
[6]Chakravarty S R,Chakraborty A B.On indices of relative deprivation[J].Economics Letters,1984,14(2/3):283-287.
[7]Chakravarty S R,Mukherjee D.Measures of deprivation and their meaning in terms of social satisfaction[J],Theory and Decision,1999,47(1):89-100.
[8]Ebert U,Moyes P.An axiomatic characterization of Yitzhaki’s index of individual deprivation[J].Economics Letters,2000,68(3):263-270.
[9]Eibner C E,Evans W N.Relative deprivation,poor health habits and mortality[J].The Journal of Human Resources,2005,40(3):591-620.
[10]Esposito L.Upper boundedness for the measurement of relative deprivation[J].Review of Income and Wealth,2010,56(3):632-639.
[11]Ferrer-i-Carbonell A.Income and well-being:An empirical analysis of the comparison income effect[J].Journal of Public Economics,2005,89(5-6):997-1019.
[12]Frank R H.Falling behind:How rising inequality harms the middle class[M].Berkeley:University of California Press,2007.
[13]Cowell F A,Ebert U.Complaints and inequality[J].Social Choice and Welfare,23(1):71-89.
[14]Heather J S,Thomas F P,Gina M P,et al.Relative deprivation:A theoretical and meta-analytic review[J].Personality and Social Psychology Review,2011,16(3):203-232.
[15]Kakwani N.The relative deprivation curve and its applications[J].Journal of Business and Economic Statistics,1984,2(4):384-394.
[16]Lhila A,Simon K I.Relative deprivation and child health in the USA[J].Social Science and Medicine,2010,71(4):777-785.
[17]Imedio-Olmedo L J,Parrado-Gallardo E M,Brcena-Martin E.Income inequality indices interpreted as measures of relative deprivation/Satisfaction[J].Social Indicators Research,2012,109(3):471-491.
[18]Bárcena-Matin E,Imedio-Olmedo L,Martin-Reyes G.Inequality and deprivation within and between groups:An illustration of European Union countries[J].Journal of Economic Inequality,2007,5(3):323-337.
[19]Podder N.Relative deprivation,envy and economic inequality[J].Kyklos,1996,49(3):353-376.
[20]Paul S.An index of relative deprivation[J].Economics letters,1991,36(3):337-341.
[21]Runciman W G.Relative deprivation and social justice:A study of attitudes to social inequality in twentieth-century England[M].Berkeley:University of California Press,1966.
[22]Silber J,Verme P.Distributional change,reference groups and the measurement of relative deprivation[J].Research on Economic Inequality,2010,18(1):197-217.
[23]Silber J,Verme P.Relative deprivation,reference groups and the assessment of standard of living[J],Economic Systems,2012,36(1):31-45.
[24]Stouffer S A,Suchman E A,De Vinney L C,Star S A,Williams R M.The American soldier:Adjustment during army life[M].Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1949.
[25]Yitzhaki S.Relative deprivation and the Gini coefficient[J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics,1979,93(2):321-324.
1 证明见任国强(2011),Martín和Olmedo(2007)。
2 证明见Martín和Olmedo(2007),在其证明中,采用的是连续的收入分布,AD(x,yk)对yk的二阶导数等于yk在X中的密度函数,所以大于0,即在x保持不变的条件下,AD(x,yk)是群Y中收入的严格凹函数。
1性质10在很多文献中被称为线性齐次性(Linear homogeneity)。
[2]任国强,尚金艳.基于相对剥夺理论的基尼系数子群分解方法研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2011,(8):103-114.
[3]Berrebi Z M,Silber J.Income inequality indices and deprivation:A generalization[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1985,100(3):807-810.
[4]Bossert W,D’Ambrosio C.Reference groups and individual deprivation[J].Economics Letters,2006,90(3):421-426.
[5]Bylsma W H,Major B.Social comparisons and contentment:Exploring the psychological costs of the gender wage gap[J].Psychology of Women Quarterly,1994,18(2):241-250.
[6]Chakravarty S R,Chakraborty A B.On indices of relative deprivation[J].Economics Letters,1984,14(2/3):283-287.
[7]Chakravarty S R,Mukherjee D.Measures of deprivation and their meaning in terms of social satisfaction[J],Theory and Decision,1999,47(1):89-100.
[8]Ebert U,Moyes P.An axiomatic characterization of Yitzhaki’s index of individual deprivation[J].Economics Letters,2000,68(3):263-270.
[9]Eibner C E,Evans W N.Relative deprivation,poor health habits and mortality[J].The Journal of Human Resources,2005,40(3):591-620.
[10]Esposito L.Upper boundedness for the measurement of relative deprivation[J].Review of Income and Wealth,2010,56(3):632-639.
[11]Ferrer-i-Carbonell A.Income and well-being:An empirical analysis of the comparison income effect[J].Journal of Public Economics,2005,89(5-6):997-1019.
[12]Frank R H.Falling behind:How rising inequality harms the middle class[M].Berkeley:University of California Press,2007.
[13]Cowell F A,Ebert U.Complaints and inequality[J].Social Choice and Welfare,23(1):71-89.
[14]Heather J S,Thomas F P,Gina M P,et al.Relative deprivation:A theoretical and meta-analytic review[J].Personality and Social Psychology Review,2011,16(3):203-232.
[15]Kakwani N.The relative deprivation curve and its applications[J].Journal of Business and Economic Statistics,1984,2(4):384-394.
[16]Lhila A,Simon K I.Relative deprivation and child health in the USA[J].Social Science and Medicine,2010,71(4):777-785.
[17]Imedio-Olmedo L J,Parrado-Gallardo E M,Brcena-Martin E.Income inequality indices interpreted as measures of relative deprivation/Satisfaction[J].Social Indicators Research,2012,109(3):471-491.
[18]Bárcena-Matin E,Imedio-Olmedo L,Martin-Reyes G.Inequality and deprivation within and between groups:An illustration of European Union countries[J].Journal of Economic Inequality,2007,5(3):323-337.
[19]Podder N.Relative deprivation,envy and economic inequality[J].Kyklos,1996,49(3):353-376.
[20]Paul S.An index of relative deprivation[J].Economics letters,1991,36(3):337-341.
[21]Runciman W G.Relative deprivation and social justice:A study of attitudes to social inequality in twentieth-century England[M].Berkeley:University of California Press,1966.
[22]Silber J,Verme P.Distributional change,reference groups and the measurement of relative deprivation[J].Research on Economic Inequality,2010,18(1):197-217.
[23]Silber J,Verme P.Relative deprivation,reference groups and the assessment of standard of living[J],Economic Systems,2012,36(1):31-45.
[24]Stouffer S A,Suchman E A,De Vinney L C,Star S A,Williams R M.The American soldier:Adjustment during army life[M].Princeton,NJ:Princeton University Press,1949.
[25]Yitzhaki S.Relative deprivation and the Gini coefficient[J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics,1979,93(2):321-324.
1 证明见任国强(2011),Martín和Olmedo(2007)。
2 证明见Martín和Olmedo(2007),在其证明中,采用的是连续的收入分布,AD(x,yk)对yk的二阶导数等于yk在X中的密度函数,所以大于0,即在x保持不变的条件下,AD(x,yk)是群Y中收入的严格凹函数。
1性质10在很多文献中被称为线性齐次性(Linear homogeneity)。
引用本文
任国强, 尚明伟, 潘秀丽. 参照群与群间相对剥夺:理论与实证[J]. 财经研究, 2014, 40(8): 130–144.
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