The social integration between the floating population and the local residents is the foundation of constructing a harmonious urban society. The housing and community choices of floating population are affecting not only their welfare, but also social integration. Based on the dynamic monitoring data of floating population in China in 2014, this paper constructs a multi-dimension index of social integration and analyzes the influence of social integration on the residential choice of floating population by using simultaneous equation model to overcome the endogeneity bias. The results show that the influence of social integration on the residential choice of floating population is significant. To be exact, better social integration of the floating population increases the probability of their home ownership, or living in formal communities, or improves the level of their housing consumption. This paper provides a basis for the improvement of the social integration of floating population, the spatial allocationoptimization of living resources, and the guidance of rational residential choice of floating population.