The reform and opening-up is a key measure that determines the fate of contemporary China, and it still has important value for the development of contemporary China. Comprehensively deepening reform not only requires solving various deep-seated contradictions and problems left over from the previous reform, but also faces a completely different domestic and international environment from the past. The metaphorical image of “eating the rice of reform and taking the path of opening-up” expresses the determination of the new government to deepen the reform and opening-up. The reform and opening-up has an inner logic that integrates history, theory, and practice. From the perspective of historical logic, from early exploration to the establishment and improvement of the socialist market economy system, and then to entering a new era of overall system design to promote reform, the reform and opening-up has gone through three stages: initial creation, rapid development, and comprehensive deepening. From the perspective of theoretical logic, the reform and opening-up is an inevitable requirement for the dynamic adaptation of productive forces and production relations, and an important way to solve the main contradictions in the primary stage of the socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the process of comprehensively deepening the reform, dealing with the relationship between the government and the market is the core issue, and the “two non-vacillations” are also the institutional foundation that we must adhere to. From the perspective of practical logic, we need to combine grassroots innovation with top-level design to form a joint force of reform from top to bottom and from bottom to top. We need to drive stock reform with incremental reform to achieve the coordinated advancement of incremental reform and stock reform, so as to build a dual circulation in deepening the reform and opening-up, promote high-quality development, and ultimately promote the Chinese path to modernization and achieve the goal of building a socialist modern power in an all-round way by deepening the reform and opening-up. Looking ahead, in view of the profound changes in the domestic and international situation, we need to continue to adhere to the leadership of the CPC, the people-centered reform value orientation, the market-oriented reform direction, and a more proactive opening-up strategy. The 45-year history of reform and opening-up has been plagued by storms, and disputes have never ceased. However, the inner logic of “eating the rice of reform and taking the path of opening-up” proves that reform is always on the way, and the reform and opening-up will promote the smooth realization of Chinese path to modernization and the goal of building a socialist modern power in an all-round way.