As an informal system, the supply-chain network has become an important social relationship to ensure the stable production and operation of enterprises. At the same time, digital transformation, an emerging technology that relies on data resources as a key element and has deeper and broader integration capabilities, is gradually becoming an important driving force for efficiency change. Therefore, it is of great significance to achieve the dual driving effect of institutions and technology on the high-quality development of the economy.　This paper adopts the social network analysis method to construct the supply-chain network of listed companies. The study shows that: (1) The closer the enterprise is to the center of supply-chain network and the more structural holes it occupies, the more information and control advantages it has, which is more conducive to improving enterprise TFP. (2) The emerging technology of digital transformation can coordinate the informal system of supply-chain network to play a role in efficiency improvement, and this effect is more significant in the digital operation level of technological practice application. (3) In enterprises with higher supply-chain resilience and better application capabilities of digital technology, the collaborative digital transformation of supply-chain network will have a better effect on improving enterprise TFP.　The marginal contributions of this paper are that: First, it analyzes the impact and mechanism of supply-chain network location on enterprise TFP from the perspective of dual structural characteristics, expanding the research scopes of social network and enterprise micro behavior. Second, it constructs the theoretical logic of “supply-chain network + digital transformation —TFP”, providing a new theoretical basis and realization channel for the integration of digital and real enterprises to achieve high-quality development. Third, it discusses the situational heterogeneity effect on the improvement of enterprise TFP, providing empirical evidence for realizing the improvement of TFP. The conclusions help to understand the importance of the informal system of supply-chain network and the internal mechanism of digital technology to empower the supply chain network to achieve efficiency improvement, which has enlightening significance for the integration of digital and real enterprises to promote the high-quality development of the real economy.