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⑥本研究未将“创业导向”纳入模型,原因是创业导向测量的是与新产品、新市场和企业创新行为有关的创业过程、实践和决策行为(Lumpkin和Dess,1996)。研究者广泛认可创业导向是创新性、主动性和风险承担(如Wiklund,1999)三个维度的综合,但后来不少研究者的许多实证研究发现创业导向三维度并不是一个综合统一的概念;还有学者专门研究了家族企业的创业导向问题(Lucia Naldi等,2007)(见本文参考文献[16]),并指出在家族企业研究中,应分别测量这三个维度,进而通过实证研究得出了风险承担与家族企业绩效负相关的结论。到目前为止,还没有专门研究家族企业的创业导向与企业战略决策质量关系的文献;而且,我们也不能简单地把两者直接联系起来,故本研究没有讨论创业导向与战略决策质量关系问题。

⑦由于本研究是尝试性地构建家族企业“家族性”影响因素与战略决策质量关系研究模型,因此本研究中的高管团队限定为有家族涉入(参与)企业运作的高管团队,在操作性测量中至少有10%以上的家族成员为高管人员。

⑧美国统计学家Joseph F.Hair Jr.、Rolph E.Anderson、Ronald L.Tatham和William C.Black等人认为,Cronbachα值大于0.7,表明数据信度较高。在探索性研究中,Cronbachα可以小于0.7,但应大于0.5。详见Hair,J F Jr,Rolph,E A,Ronald,L T,and William,CB.Multivariate data analysis with readings.Third Edition,Macmillam Publishing Company,1987:449。

⑨NFI、NNFI和CFI的值应该接近于1,但一般认为这三个指标的值不小于0.90是模型拟合良好的标准。RMSEA是度量各自由度差异的指标,该值小于等于0.05则可以认为模型拟合良好,大于0.05但小于等于0.08,则表明模型可以接受。另外,X2/df的值小于等于2也是模型拟合良好的一个重要指标,但在样本数较大时,可能导致该值较大。详见温忠麟《结构方程模型及其应用》。