In the context of technological innovation driving high-quality development and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces, based on 315 consumer survey responses, this paper draws on the theory of “brand-nation connection” and empirically investigates the mechanism through which brand innovative assets affect corporate sustainable competitive advantages. The results show that brand innovative assets positively affect sustainable competitive advantages through brand-nation connection. In this process, techno-nationalism positively moderates the effect of brand-nation connection on the promotion of sustainable competitive advantages. These findings advance theoretical research on the relationship between brand innovative assets and sustainable competitive advantages, further explaining the mechanism of new quality productive forces in leading high-quality development from the micro level. Practically, this paper provides direct strategic implications for leading Chinese enterprises on how to develop sustainable competitive advantages in a changing environment, suggesting that brand innovative assets enhance the degree of brand-nation connection, boost the representativeness of brands to their countries through technological innovation, and facilitate the construction of a national-level brand status, thus forming strong competitive advantages in the global market. The conclusions of this paper provide micro-level evidence and practical guidance for accelerating the development of new quality productive forces.