How to guarantee the active government to take on its responsibility practically and actively rather than in chaos is the key issue that Lin Yifu's new structure economics and his industrial policy proposition face. Based on speculative logic, this paper systematically explores social foundation of the active government and culture reasons behind, and arrives at the main conclusions as follows:firstly, a reasonable industrial policy that policy-makers try to make and implement also roots in an entrepreneurial spirit, but the entrepreneurial spirit is a public entrepreneurial spirit based on ethics of responsibility, rather than a private entrepreneurial spirit based on belief ethics; secondly, the ethics of responsibility is fully embedded in the Confucian society, and is embodied in the responsibility culture of "doing it by my best and conscientiousness"; thirdly, it is demanded to seek wisdom and nutrition from the Confucian tradition to cultivate and strengthen the ethics of responsibility and corresponding public entrepreneurial spirit, to ensure the active government to take on its responsibility practically and actively. In a word, based on the ethics of responsibility, a complementary and co-progress relationship between active government and entrepreneurial spirit is formed, thereby forming an organic combination between active government and effective market and promoting industrial upgrading. This paper strengthens the theoretical and social foundation for Lin Yifu's new structure economics and active government, and provides a good supplement and extension to the active government in new structure economics.