Driven by the wave of global digitalization, digital consumption, as a new consumption paradigm, brings an opportunity of the times to promote inclusive green growth. With the vigorous development of the digital economy, the deep integration of digital technology and consumption scene not only gives birth to a new consumption mode, but also reshapes the economic structure and growth path, becoming a key force to realize the harmonious development of economy, society, and environment. Taking the national information consumption pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper uses the panel data of 259 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2010 to 2021 to measure the efficiency of inclusive green growth based on the EBM model, and uses the dual machine learning model to deeply investigate the impact of digital consumption on inclusive green growth. The results show that digital consumption significantly promotes inclusive green growth, which is still valid after multiple robustness tests such as excluding other policy effects and resetting the dual machine learning model. Mechanism testing shows that accelerating technology agglomeration, enabling digital finance development, and enhancing public environmental attention are three important ways for digital consumption to play a role in inclusive green growth. Heterogeneity analysis shows that, from the perspective of policy effect scenario, the promotion effect of digital consumption on inclusive green growth is more obvious in central cities and cities with a higher marketization degree; from the perspective of industrialization and informatization levels, the promotion effect is more obvious in old industrial cities and cities with a higher informatization level. This paper not only expands the research boundary of the economy-society-environment effect of digital consumption, but also provides important theoretical and empirical implications for the realization path of expanding digital consumption and promoting inclusive green growth in the new era.