In recent years, scholars have explored the causes of firm performance differences and have transferred the study of the causes from internal factors to external factors. Based on the theory of inter-organizational learning theory and ambidexterity theory, this paper explores the impact of relational learning on firm performance, especially exploring the mediating role of ambidextrous innovation in the relationship between relational learning and firm performance, by using a sample including 254 high-tech firms. The empirical results show that, without considering other factors, three sub-dimensions of relational learning（information sharing, joint sense-making, relationship-specific memory）have significant positive effects on firm performance; After putting ambidextrous innovation into the research model, ambidextrous innovation plays fully the mediating role respectively in the relationship between information sharing and firm performance, and between relationship-specific memory and firm performance. But the mediating role of ambidextrous innovation in the relationship between joint sense-making and firm performance is not supported, So ambidextrous innovation plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between relational learning and firm performace. It discusses the limitations of the research and puts forward the practical recommendations for future research. And it shows that ambidextrous innovation can better analyze the impact of relational learning on firm performance, and the results can provide useful reference for firms to carry out relational learning activities and enhance ambidextrous innovation ability under the background of transitional economy.