In the real background of breaking the urban-rural "dual" dilemma of economic catching-up in backward regions,this paper employs the comparison about the differences and similarities between equalization and integration of urban-rural public services from the perspective of theoretical concept.Firstly,it establishes a theoretical framework to prove and reveal the mechanism of falling into the dilemma of urban-rural public services equalization resulting from economic catching-up of local governments in backward regions and how to build the mechanism of integration of urban-rural public services to ensure an idea of a breakthrough in the transformation of rural public services supply from "passive fostering" to "active support" driven by existing economic catching-up of local governments in backward regions; secondly,it makes a test by actual data analysis.It comes to the results as follows: firstly,the essential differences between equalization and integration of urban-rural public services will directly determine the different emphasis of local governments' interests and resulting consequences; secondly,the core of the integration of urban-rural public services is to shift the interests emphasis of local governments from urban areas to urban-rural areas,to focus on promoting revenue enhancement and cost decline in terms of rural public services supply in backward regions,to shift the rural public services supply by local governments from "passive fostering" to "active support",to completely get out of the "dual" dilemma under the path of equalization of urban-rural public services,and to make benefits compatible between economic catching-up of local governments and the integration of urban-rural public services in backward regions.