The pursuit of security and development are two extremely important aspects in the practice process since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. In the history of more than 70 years, China has gained rich experience in pursuing economic security in the process of development. From these historical experiences, we can draw wisdom and strength to continue to move forward.

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the economic strategic situation changes with obvious phased characteristics; in different stages of development, China has correspondingly adopted different strategies to deal with economic security problems that have arisen in the development process. Specifically and mainly, in the more than 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Communist Party of China has united and led the people throughout the country to deal with the problem of agricultural products, especially food security problems, caused by structural contradictions between people and land in accordance with the bottom line strategy; with strategies such as giving priority to the development of heavy industry and taking the road of new industrialization, the industrialization of China has been promoted to consolidate the foundation for safe development; in view of the energy and resource security problems brought about by tight constraints and the financial and technological security problems caused by unbalanced and insufficient development, it is necessary to form a new situation of security development through deepening reform and optimizing development; in the new stage of development, we face the new challenges of security development by promoting the frontier of technology and building a strong supply chain. At present, China is in a critical stage, and we must deal with a series of new economic security issues, such as adapting the new situation in technical security issues, grasping the rhythm of financial security evolution, and paying close attention to and handling the changes of security.

The academic value of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, for the first time, it discusses how China moves towards a safer development path, and sorts out the main problems, main strategies and major achievements of China’s economic security in different stages of development. Second, it systematically summarizes the basic experience in the process of moving towards a safer development path, that is, to keep in mind the original intention, to grasp the direction, to orient with innovation, and to act actively. Third, the enlightenment has certain reference significance for dealing with China’s current complex economic security issues.