Algorithmic power refers to the control and influence that algorithms exert over the behaviors of target objects, emphasizing the process supervision, behavioral norms, and consciousness guidance of algorithms on target objects. Although algorithmic power has significant value and practical significance in promoting the co-creation of value between enterprises and laborers, and enhancing laborers’ sense of fulfillment, well-being, and security, the current academic research on algorithmic power is still in its preliminary stage, lacking comprehensive analysis. Therefore, this paper clarifies the concept and connotation of algorithmic power based on a literature review on power. It summarizes the influencing factors of algorithmic power from five dimensions of power sources within an organization, outlines the impact of algorithmic power on organizational and individual levels from both positive and negative aspects, and discusses the impact mechanism of algorithmic power from three aspects: disciplinary mechanism, embedding mechanism, and iterative mechanism. Finally, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of existing research on algorithmic power, and looks forward to future research directions from multiple aspects such as developing measurement scales, strengthening dynamic research, deepening research results, extending research fields, expanding mechanism research, and focusing on local backgrounds, providing reference for subsequent research on algorithmic power.